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HELP FOR JULIA 2.0
FRACTAL DRAWING
PROGRAM |
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This webpage will give you a basic overview of the what the program
JULIA will
do, with links to more detailed information.
The program JULIA is designed to draw (for allowable
map types) the following types of sets in the complex plane:
- Julia sets of a function.
- Julia sets of rational semigroups.
- Attractor sets of an Iterated
Function System (IFS).
- Iterates of
a seed value under any of the allowable map
types.
- Postcritical sets (of finite order) of
any function or semigroup of the allowable map
types.
- Forward and
Inverse images (using any of the allowable map
types) of the
above sets or any sets imported into Julia.
Help topics on this webpage include:
CREATING JULIA SETS (FOR FUNCTIONS OR SEMIGROUPS) AND ATTRACTOR SETS
One first must
load a previously saved
session or
enter in a collection
functions manually together with the
session parameters (POINTS TO PLOT, SKIPS,
and SEED VALUE). The INPUT FUNCTIONS and SESSION PARAMETERS will appear in the left
window.
Note that you can edit, delete, or clone an existing INPUT
FUNCTION by right clicking on it. In order to see
pictures of the desired sets one needs to:
- select some or all of the functions (Ctrl+click or Shift+click can be
used to select multiple functions) and
- set the SET TYPE to either
ATTRACTOR or JULIA and
- set the PROCESS TYPE to either FULL or RANDOM and
- click the button for COMPOSITE, INDIVIDUAL, OR COMPOSITE AND INDIVIDUAL.
The COMPOSITE button will create an OUTPUT SET by using all of the selected
INPUT FUNCTIONS "in parallel". This is sometimes called the
OUTPUT SET of the semigroup generated by the selected INPUT FUNCTIONS. The INDIVIDUAL button will create
multiple OUTPUT SETS, one for each of the selected functions. If only
one INPUT FUNCTION is selected, the COMPOSITE button and the INDIVIDUAL button
will do the same thing. The COMPOSITE AND INDIVIDUAL button creates the
same OUTPUT SETS which would be created by hitting both the COMPOSITE button
and INDIVIDUAL button separately. For more details see Julia sets for rational semigroups
and Attractor sets for an Iterated
Function System (IFS),
VIEWING OUTPUT SET IMAGES
The OUTPUT SETS images are displayed in the middle window and are listed in
the right window. The user can then toggle on/off the sets to be viewed
(Ctrl+click or Shift+click can be used to select multiple OUTPUT SETS to be
viewed together). See
VIEWING
OPTIONS AND CONTROLS for more info on how to change color, delete, view properties,
zoom, shift, turn on/off grid and axes, adjust dot size, create/remove
multiple OUTPUT GRAPH tabs, reset zoom, re-center, and open an overview window.
INVERSE IMAGE (RANDOM/FULL) BUTTON
The user can produce a new OUTPUT SET created by taking the INVERSE IMAGE of a
selected OUTPUT SET (or union of multiple selected OUTPUT SETS) under a selected INPUT FUNCTION by clicking on the INVERSE
IMAGE (RANDOM/FULL) button.
- If the FULL button is selected when the INVERSE IMAGE (RANDOM/FULL)
button is pressed, the full inverse image of the selected OUTPUT SET (or
union of multiple selected OUTPUT SETS) will be
created. This means that ALL pre-images (under the selected INPUT
FUNCTION) of the points in the selected OUTPUT SET (or union of multiple
selected OUTPUT SETS) will be used to comprise
the new OUTPUT SET.
- If the RANDOM button is selected when the INVERSE IMAGE (RANDOM/FULL)
button is pressed, a partial inverse image (under the selected INPUT
FUNCTION) of the selected OUTPUT SET (or union of multiple selected OUTPUT
SETS) will be created. Specifically, for each
of the points in the selected OUTPUT SET (or union of multiple selected
OUTPUT SETS) only one randomly chosen pre-image
will be included the new OUTPUT SET.
Note: If multiple INPUT FUNCTIONS are
selected, the INVERSE IMAGE (RANDOM/FULL) button will create a new OUTPUT SET
for each INPUT FUNCTION.
Note: If the JULIA cannot compute all inverse
images of a point under the selected INPUT FUNCTION (e.g., when the INPUT
FUNCTION is Real Affine Linear with determinant 0), then JULIA will return a
warning message that such an action is not allowed.
FORWARD IMAGE BUTTON
The user can produce a new OUTPUT SET created by taking the FORWARD IMAGE of a
selected OUTPUT SET (or union of multiple selected OUTPUT SETS) under a selected map by clicking on the FORWARD IMAGE
button. Unlike the INVERSE IMAGES (RANDOM/FULL) button, the FORWARD
IMAGE
button will produce the same OUTPUT SET no matter which PROCESS
TYPE (FULL or RANDOM) is selected.
Note: If multiple INPUT FUNCTIONS are
selected, the FORWARD IMAGE button will create a new OUTPUT SET for each INPUT FUNCTION.
HOW TO SAVE AND PRINT AN IMAGE
Images may be saved as either .jpg or .gif files. You can do this by
clicking on the SAVE IMAGE icon

at the top of the window (or by going to FILE
-> SAVE IMAGE). When typing in the file name that you wish to save the
image under, you must include the file extension (e.g., imagename.jpg or
imagename.gif).
Images may be printed by clicking on the PRINT IMAGE icon
at the top of the
window (or by going to FILE -> PRINT IMAGE).
HOW TO SAVE A SESSION
A SESSION may be saved by clicking on the SAVE SESSION icon

at the top of the
window (or by going to FILE -> SAVE SESSION). This will save your
session in a .julia.zip file which itself contains multiple files. One
such file will be called session.txt and it will save the SEED, MIN POINTS TO PLOT,
SKIPS values and the current state of the SET TYPE (JULIA OR ATTRACTOR)
and PROCESS TYPE (RANDOM OR FULL). Each INPUT FUNCTION will have be saved in a text file
of the form
in.********.txt where ***** is a number which is assigned by
Julia to uniquely identify this function (it is connected to the time the file
was created). Each OUTPUT SET is saved in two files of the form
out.********.txt and
out.********.dat, where again ***** is a number which is
assigned by Julia to uniquely identify this set. The .dat file contains
the ordered pairs (in a format compatible with Mathematica) and the .txt file
contains the HISTORY information (which shows how the selected OUTPUT SET was
created, including information on the creation of any auxiliary OUTPUT SETS
which were needed).
Note that
the session files created by Julia can be modified outside of Julia (without using Julia) in order to do such things as
add INPUT FUNCTIONS
from one SESSION into another SESSION, add OUTPUT SETS from
one SESSION into another SESSION, and add OUTPUT SETS created by other
applications (such as Mathematica) to a SESSION. To learn how to modify a SESSION go
here. The new SESSION can then be
loaded into Julia (see below).
HOW TO LOAD A PREVIOUSLY
SAVED SESSION
A previously saved SESSION may be loaded by clicking on the LOAD A NEW SESSION
icon

at the top of the window (or by going to FILE -> LOAD SESSION). You
will then be asked to select a session file from your system. The
current version Julia 2.0 will load the new .julia.zip files as well as the old Julia 1.0 files (.julia), but, if
you load and then resave such a SESSION a new .julia.zip file will be created
in the new format.
HOW TO GET EXAMPLE
SESSION FILES
You may view and/or download EXAMPLE SESSION files
here.