Resources
MATHS 460 - BALL STATE UNIVERSITY - SUMMER 2000

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Here is our class list of resources we complied to construct this site.  Any online resources have links directing you to the web site of the source of information.

The Parallel Problem

All photos and diagrams can be found on the following sites:

Euclid's picture:  http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/BigPictures/Euclid_3.jpeg
Saccheri’s rectangle:  http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Diagrams/Saccheri_quadrilateral.jpeg
Lobachevsky's picture: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/BigPictures/Lobachevsky.jpeg
Lobachevsky’s diagram:   http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Diagrams/Lobachevsky's_diagram.jpeg
Riemann's picture:   http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/BigPictures/Riemann.jpeg

All other information is based upon the following sources:

Euclid: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Euclid.html
The Elements: http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/elements.html
Giovanni Saccheri: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Saccheri.html
Euclidean geometry: http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/2/0,5716,33762+1+33180,00.html
Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Lobachevsky.html
Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann: http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Riemann.html
Croswell, The Citadel: http://www2.ispa.fsu.edu/~lcrosswe/paper/paper.html

 

Geometric Algebra

Euclid's Photo was found on the following site: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Euclid.html 

All information is taken from the following source:

Heath, Thomas L. The Thirteen Books of Euclid’s Elements. 2nd. Ed. New York: Dover, 1956.

http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/bookII/bookII.html  

 

Number Analysis

All information was taken from the following sources:

Calinger, Classics of Mathematics, p 171
Arithmetica, book I
Euclid, the Elements, books VII and IX, translated by Heath.

 

Ptolemy's Trig Class

Parts one and two of the site are based upon information found in the following edition of Ptolemy's Almagest:

Ptolemy, Almagest, translated and annotated by G.J. Toomer.  Princeton, NJ:  Princeton University Press, 1998, pp 45-60.

Information for parts three and four was taken from the following textbook:

Brown, Richard G,  Advanced Mathematics, Teachers Edition, Boston, MA:  Houghton Mifflin Company, 1992, pp. 269-270, 275-277, 317, 331, 369-370.

All other sources are documented within the site.

 

Cardano's Cubic Craze

All pictures and diagrams are from the web site of Karen H. Parshall.

All information was taken from the following sources:

Calinger, Ronald. Classics of Mathematics. "Girolamo Cardano" Prentice Hall, 1995. p. 261-6.
Cardano, Girolamo. The Book of My Life. trans. Jean Stoner. Toronto: J.M. Dent and Sons, Ltd., 1931.
Cardano, Girolamo. The Great Art. The M.I.T. Press, 1968.
Gillispie, Charles C. ed. The Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 16 vols. 2 supps. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1970-1990. S.v. "Cardano, Cirolamo" by Mario Gliozzi.
Ore, Oystein, Cardano: The Gambling Scholar. Princeton: University Press, 1956.
Parshall, Karen H. The Art of Algebra. http://www.lib.virginia.edu/science/parshall/algebra.html 
Parshall, Karen H. The Biography of Girolamo Cardano. http://www.lib.virginia.edu/science/parshall/cardano.html

 

Algebra's Father

Al-Khwarizmi's photo is found at the following site: 

http://www.sjsu.edu/depts/Museum/alkhwa.html 

All other information is taken from the following sources:

http://khwarzimic.org/frontline/khwarzimi.html 
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Al-Khwarizmi.html 
Math 460, History of Mathematics, BSU, Dr. Jones. Class Discussion
Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica.
http://users.erols.com/zenithco/khawariz.html 
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/science/parshall/algebra.html 
Calinger, Ronald. Moore Publishing Co., 1982.

 

 
ALL INFORMATION IS THE PROPERTY OF BALL STATE UNIVERSITY.