Paul Spengler

Associate Professor

Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Teachers College 613

Ball State University

2000 University Avenue

Muncie, IN 47306-0585

phone: (765)285-8051

e-mail: CPSY@bsu.edu

Academic Degrees

• Ph.D., University of Albany, 1991, Counseling Psychology
• M.A., University of Dayton, 1983, Clinical Psychology
• B.A., Potsdam College, 1980, Psychology

Professional Experience

• 1991-Present, Faculty Member, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
• 1991-Present, Licensed Psychologist, Private Practice
• 1990-1991, Assistant Psychologist/Counselor, The Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Albany Medical College, New York
• 1989-1990, Doctoral Intern, Albany Psychology Internship Consortium, New York
• 1988-1991, Counselor, Private Practice, Saratoga Association for Retarded Citizens, New York
• 1986-1987, NYS Psychologist 1, Eleanor Roosevelt Developmental Services, New York
• 1985-1986, NYS Psychologist 1, Monroe Developmental Center, New York
• 1983-1985, Applied Behavior Science Specialist, Lifetime Assistance, New York

Editor

• Associate Editor of The Counseling Psychologist (2002-2007)

Current Professional and Academic Memberships

• American Psychological Association
• Division 17 Counseling Psychology
• Division 20 Adult Development and Aging
• Division 42 Independent Practice
• Division 51 Society for the Psychological Study of Men and Masculinity

Current Professional Assignments and Activities (non-teaching)

• Departmental Doctoral Admissions Committee
• Departmental Personnel Committee
• Departmental Clinic Advisory Committee
• Departmental Doctoral Core Exams
• Departmental United Way Coordinator
• University Academic Policies Council

Recent Publications

• Ægisdóttir, S., White, M. J., Spengler, P. M., Maugherman, A. S., Anderson, L. A., Cook, R. S., Nichols, C. N., Lampropoulos, G. K., Walker, B. S., & Rush, J. D. (under review). The Meta-Analysis of Clinical Judgment Project: Fifty-Six Years of Research on Clinical versus Mechanical Prediction.
• Spengler, P. S., White, M. J., Ægisdóttir, S., Maugherman, A. S., Anderson, L. A., Cook, R. S., Nichols, C. N., Lampropoulos, G. K., Walker, B. S., Freels, G. R., & Rush, J. D. (under review). The Meta-Analysis of Clinical Judgment Project: Effects of Experience on Judgment Accuracy.
• Lampropoulos, G. K., & Spengler, P. M. (Guest Editors)(2002). Reprioritizing the role of science in a realistic version of the scientist-practitioner model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 1195-1198.
• Lampropuolos, G. K., Spengler, P. M., Dixon, D. N., & Nicholas, D. R. (2002). How psychotherapy integration can complement the scientist-practitioner model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 1227-1240.
• Spengler, P. M. (2000). Does vocational overshadowing even exist? A test of the robustness of the vocational overshadowing bias. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 342-351.
• Spengler, P. M. (1998). Multicultural assessment and a scientist-practitioner model of psychological assessment. The Counseling Psychologist, 26 (6), 930-938.
• Spengler, P. M., & Jacobi, D. M. (1998). Assessment and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in college age students and adults. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 20(2), 95-111.
• Spengler, P. M., & Wise, A. (1997). Suicide in children under the age of fourteen: Clinical judgment and assessment issues. Journal of Mental Health Counseling , 19 (4), 318-335.
• Hill, C. E., & Spengler, P. M. (1997). Dementia and depression: A process model for differential diagnosis. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 19 (1), 23-39.
• Millington, M. J., Strohmer, D. C., Reid, C. A., & Spengler, P. M. (1996). A preliminary investigation of the role of differential complexity and response style in measuring attitudes towards people with disabilities. Rehabilitation Psychology, 41(3), 243-254.
• Blustein, D. L., & Spengler, P. M. (1995). Personal adjustment: Career counseling and psychotherapy. In W. B. Walsh & S. H. Osipow (Eds.), Handbook of Vocational Psychology (pp. 295-330). Hillsdale, NJ.
• Spengler, P. M., Strohmer, D. C., Dixon, D. N., & Shivy, V. A. (1995). A scientist-practitioner model of psychological assessment: Implications for training, practice and research. The Counseling Psychologist, 23(3), 506-534.
• Walker, B. S., & Spengler, P. M. (1995). Clinical judgment of major depression in AIDS patients: The effects of clinician complexity and stereotyping. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26(3), 269-273.
• White, M. J., Nichols, C. N., Crook, R. S., Spengler, P. M., Walker, B. S., & Looks, K. K. (1995). Diagnostic overshadowing and mental retardation: A meta-analysis. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 100(3), 293-298.
• Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (1994). Clinical judgmental biases: The moderating roles of counselor cognitive complexity and counselor client preferences. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41(1), 1-10.
• Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (1994). Stability of a 4 x 6 repertory grid test for measuring cognitive complexity. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 137-145.
• Strohmer, D. C., & Spengler, P. M. (1994). Individual behavioral counseling approaches. In D. C. Strohmer & H. T. Prout (Eds.), Counseling and psychotherapy with persons with mental retardation and borderline intelligence (pp. 143-194). Brandon, VT.

Invited Addresses

• Spengler, P. M., & Ægisdóttir, S. (1999, March). Clinical judgment research is finally analyzed by meta-analysis: The Mental Health Clinical Judgment Meta-Analytic Project. In G. J. Meyer (Chair), Round table symposium: Systematic explorations into clinical judgment: Results from two independent meta-analyses. Invited address presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality Assessment, New Orleans, LA.

Recent Paper Presentations

• Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (2001, August). Empirical analyses of a scientist-practitioner model of assessment. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Strohmer, D. C., Leierer, S. J., Hotard, J. M., Tate, R. I., & Spengler, P. M. (2001, August). Counselor preferences for clients with disabilities entering a counseling clinic. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Lampropoulos, G. K., Spengler, P. M., Dixon, D. N., & Nicholas, D. R. (2000, August). Psychotherapy integration and the scientist-practitioner model: Can we have one without the other? Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
• Lampropoulos, G. K., & Spengler, P. M.(2000, August). Psychotherapy integration and the scientist-practitioner model: Can we have one without the other? In J. A. Carter and G. K. Lampropoulos (Chairs), Reprioritizing the role of science in the scientist-practitioner model in psychotherapy. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
• Spengler, P. M., White, M. J., Maugherman, A., Ægisdóttir, S., Anderson, L., Rush, J., & Lampropoulos, G. K. (2000, August). Mental health clinical judgment meta-analytic project: Summary 1970-1996. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
• Lampropoulos, G. K., & Spengler, P. M. (1999, August). Theory-driven, phase-specific, manual-guided, clinically-meaningful, aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) research focusing on clients' non-diagnostic personality variables. Poster presented at the 30th International Meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Braga, Portugal.
• Spengler, P. M. (1999, August). Mental health clinical judgment meta-analytic project. In W. E. Hanson and C. E. Watkins (Chairs), Psychological assessment training and practice - Considerations for the 21st century. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
• Spengler, P. M. (1999, August). Scientist-practitioner approach to assessment. In J. W. Lichtenberg (Chair) Contemporary issues in psychological assessment. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
• Lampropoulos, G., & Spengler, P. M. (1999, April). Common factors in psychotherapy and other change inducing relationships: Is therapy different from life? Paper presented at the meeting of the XV International Conference of the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration, Miami, FL.
• Spengler, P. M., & White, M. J. (1999, April). The Mental Health Clinical Judgment Meta-Analytic Project. Paper presented at the meeting of the Great Lakes Regional Conference for Counseling Psychology, Columbus, OH.
• Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (1998, August). Effective clinical judgment can be taught. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Spengler, P. M. (Chair) (1998, August). Clinical judgment research is finally analyzed by meta-analysis. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Spengler, P. M., & Anderson, L. (1998, August). Experience, expertness and effectiveness: Some fine grained analyses and implications. In P. M. Spengler (Chair), Clinical judgment research is finally analyzed by meta-analysis. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.
• Spengler, P. M. (Chair) (1998, April). Actualization of scientist-practitioner psychotherapists. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Great Lakes Regional Conference for Counseling Psychology, Bloomington, IN.
• Spengler, P. M. (1988, April). Developmental model of the scientist-practitioner. In Spengler, P. M. (Chair). Actualization of scientist-practitioner psychotherapists. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Great Lakes Regional Conference for Counseling Psychology, Bloomington, IN.
• Spengler, P. M. (1988, April). Teaching psychotherapy process: From general to in-session sources of change. In Spengler, P. M. (Chair). Actualization of scientist-practitioner psychotherapists. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Great Lakes Regional Conference for Counseling Psychology, Bloomington, IN.
• Spengler, P. M. (1997, November). Multiple meta-analyses of 26 years of clinical judgment research. Paper invited for presentation at Ball State University's Focus on Excellence, Muncie, Indiana.
• Spengler, P. M., & Chiriboga, J. A. (1996, August). The vocational overshadowing bias: Comparison of clinical and counseling psychologists. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.
• Spengler, P. M., White, M. J., Nichols, C. N., Walker, B. S., Cook, R. S., Aegisdottir, S. E., Maugherman, A., Anderson, L., & Dorsey, M. (1996, August). Twenty-three years of clinical judgmental biases: A meta-analytic project. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.
• Lawhead, C. A., Friedlander, M. L., Ellis, M. V., & Spengler, P. M. (1995, August). When therapists intend to facilitate deep emotional experiences: From the client's perspective. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New York, NY.
• Spengler, P. M. (Chair). (1995, August). Experience, expertness and clinical judgment accuracy: 20 years of debate. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New York, NY.
• Spengler, P. M., White, M., & Aegisdottir, S. (1995, August). Meta-analysis of counselor experience and judgment accuracy: 20 years of debate. In P. M. Spengler (Chair), Experience, expertness and clinical judgment accuracy: 20 years of debate. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New York, NY.
• Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (1995, August). Evaluation and description of an effective clinical judgment educational intervention. In G. H. Mumma (Chair), Increasing judgmental accuracy in diagnosis and assessment: Problems and remedies. Invited symposium presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New York, NY.
• Nichols, C., Cook, R., Walker, B., Look, K., White, M., Spengler, P. M., & Strohmer, D. C. (1994, August). Meta-analysis of the diagnostic overshadowing effect. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA.
• Spengler, P. M. (1994, April). Applications of a scientist-practitioner model of assessment to training and practice. In D. R. Nicholas (Chair), Scientist-practitioner training: Some conceptual and pragmatic issues. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Great Lakes Regional Conference for Counseling Psychology, Notre Dame, IN.
• Spengler, P. M., Strohmer, D. C., Dorau, L. M., & Gard, T. L., (1994, August). Psychological masquerade: Comparison of counseling and clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and physicians. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA.
• Spengler, P. M., White, M. J., Strohmer, D. C., Walker, B. S., Nichols, C. N., Cook, R. S., & Look, K. K. (1994, August). 20 years of clinician individual differences and clinical judgmental biases: A meta- analysis. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA.

Editorial Boards

• 1998- 2000, The Counseling Psychologist
• 1998- 2000, Journal of Mental Health Counseling
• 1996-1998, Journal of Counseling Psychology
• 1996-1998, Journal of Mental Health Counseling
• 1993-1995, Journal of Mental Health Counseling

Ad Hoc Reviewer

• 1998-1999, Journal of Clinical Psychology
• 1996-1997, The Counseling Psychologist
• 1996-1996, Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
• 1993-1996, Journal of Counseling Psychology
• 1991-1993, Journal of Mental Health Counseling

Other Scholarly Activity

• Ball State University Chair of Alumni Association Distinguished Dissertation Recipient for 1999-2000 (2000)
• Ball State University Internal Summer 1997 Research Grant, "Multiple Meta-Analyses of Clinical Judgment Research."
• Behavioral Science Track Award for Rapid Transition (B/START), National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Maryland, Grant, "Multiple Meta-Analyses of Clinical Judgment Research."
• Program Committee, Division 17 - Counseling Psychology, American Psychological Association