1. Distinguish between the following:
        parasitic / mutualistic
        arbuscules / vesicles
        fungus mantle / Hartig net
        endomycorrhizae / ectomycorrhizae

2. "The fungi are of enormous importance both ecologically and economically." Elaborate upon this statement both in general terms and with specific examples.

3. "The most prevalent and probably the most important mutualistic symbiosis in the plant kingdom is the mycorrhiza." Explain.

4. Seeds planted in fertilized, sterilized soil may germinate when watered but do not grow nearly as well at first as their counterparts in the forest. What might explain this phenomenon?